If I had to do work as a "no-fix, no fee" shop I'd do one of two things:
Refuse any "intermittent" problems (which is hard to do, since your relying on the customer to let you know that)
OR
Draw the line in the sand. If after a day or two worth of efforts you can't find anything, you need to consider
the nuke and pave. Hopefully your rates are in line.
But at some rate, I don't understand. It's not that you couldn't fix it, the customer got tired of waiting it appears
and took it elsewhere. I'm sure that after a few days of not getting anywhere, you would have arrived at the
same place of nuking and paving the thing.
It's a tough call. The customer may have gotten sold a drive they didn't need, but it "fixed" their problem.
It cost you the work because they wouldn't wait, even if they did pay for something they might not have needed.
I guess in that environment, your no worse off then the end result and it comes down to your or him getting paid.
If the customer base and competition has drifted that way, I see little choice on your part. They're going to wind
up at the "no-fix, no fee" shops if you can't "get the job done"... so do the work as you need to do it.
Of course, were only talking about these intermittent things that are only part of the problems you see. I'm not saying
to throw your business quality to the wolves just to be the guy who ends up getting paid. You really don't have to, just
play ball in those special situations.